1. Discuss briefly the various labour standards adopted by international Labour organisation for the protection of industrial workers. How far has India rectified such standards in its labour legislation either directly or indirectly?
2. (a) What are the objectives of the Child Labour (Prohibition and regulation) Act, 1986?
(b) Is it necessary to get the plantations registered under the Plantation labour Act, 1951? If so, briefly state the procedure.
(c) Discuss the essential elements of a ‘factory’ under the Factories Act, 1948.
3. (a) When may the registration of a trade union be cancelled under the Trade Unions Act, 1926?
(b) How many contract labour system in any establishment be abolished and by whom?
4. (a) Define and explain the learn ‘lay-off’ and distinguish it from ‘retrenchment’.
(b) An employer is running an industry where readymade garments are manufactured and 200 workmen are employed. He desires to retrench 30 of its workmen. What steps should be taken the employer to lawfully retrench them, who had put in more than one year of continuous service in the industry?
5. Explain the concept of ‘minimum wage’ and describe the procedure for fixation and revision of minimum wage under the Minimum Wages Act, 1948.
6. (a) Who is responsible for payment of wages under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936?
(b) Explain the cases to which the Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 does not apply.
7. (a) When is gratuity payable under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972?
(b) When may gratuity be forfeited? Can the whole of forfeited?
8. Explain and illustrate the principle of national extension of employer’s liability under the Workmen’s Compensation act.
9. Write short notes on any three of the following:
Concept of labour welfare
Disqualification of bonus under the Payment of Bonus Act.
Model Standing Orders
Labour Court
Employees’ Pension Scheme, 1995
SECTION B
Read the case given below and answer the questions given at the end in the light of statutory provisions and judicial decisions.
CASE
Indian General Navigation and Railway Co. Ltd. carries on a business of inland water transport and maintain a huge number of wharves, jetties, godowns, etc., at different river stations in India. One such set is at Dhubri in Assam, where many workmen are employed. These men load and unload the Company’s vessels and help to transship goods from railway wagons to vessels and vice versa. Th e company was a public utility concern and the persons employed therein were "workmen" under the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947. There were two unions of workmen in the establishment.
On 31.10.1986 both the unions gave a notice demanding 20 percent bonus and two months average total wages as ex gratia for the accounting year 1984-85. The Company rejected the demand. Thereupon workmen resorted to various acts of indiscipline, go-slow and persistent refusal to work overtime. As a result of which the Company dismissed eight employees, after framing charges against them and after giving each an opportunity to be heard.
On 15.11.986 both unions served strike notices on the company. The Conciliation Officer interfered but no settlement was arrived at between the company and the Unions. He accordingly sent a failure report to the appropriate government. In the meantime during the tendency of conciliation before the Conciliation Officer a large number of workmen went on strike on 26.11.1986. They forcibly entered the Company’s jetties and other working places, and obstructed the work of loyal workmen. On 27.11.1986, the District Magistrate issued an order under the Code of Criminal Procedure to maintain law and order. The Company declared a lockout in the same day. On 10.12.1986 the Unions called off the strike. The Company lifted the lockout on 15.12.1986. The Company dismissed those workmen whom it claimed to have obstructed the loyal workmen during the strike. On 21.12.1986, 37 workmen were convicted for violation of the order of the District Magistrate. On 22.12.1986 the Company dismissed them.